Community-Driven Regulation: Toward an Improved Model of Environmental Regulation in Vietnam
Community-Driven Regulation: Toward an Improved Model of Environmental Regulation in Vietnam
This chapter describes the community battles against industrial pollution in Vietnam, which shows a different variation on the environmental politics of growth in Asia, one in which electoral politics plays a minimal role but local traditions of mobilization and protest are powerful. The community-driven regulation (CDR) model is potentially applicable to a broad range of other national settings. The cases presented focus on state-owned enterprises, foreign multinationals, and centrally and locally managed firms. In the cases in which the communities had basic capacities, were relatively cohesive, and had linkages to the state (Dona Bochang, Viet Tri, and Ba Nhat), the community was successful in pressuring for pollution reductions. Linkages alone can win partial victories (first Lam Thao community and Tae Kwang). But a lack of cohesion (Tan Mai) or of linkages (second Lam Thao community) can block a community from successfully organizing for pollution reductions.
Keywords: community-driven regulation, industrial pollution, environmental politics, Vietnam, Dona Bochang, Viet Tri, Ba Nhat, Lam Thao, Tae Kwang, Tan Mai
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