Emergence and Collapse of Early Villages: Models of Central Mesa Verde Archaeology
Emergence and Collapse of Early Villages: Models of Central Mesa Verde Archaeology
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Abstract
Ancestral Pueblo farmersexpanded into the deep, productive, well-watered soils of the central Mesa Verde region of southwestern Colorado around AD 600, and within two centuries built some of the largest villages known up to that time in the American Southwest. But only one hundred years later, those villages were empty, and most of the people had gone. This cycle repeated itself, though with many more people, from the mid-AD 1000s until1280, when Pueblo farmers left the entire northern Southwestpermanently. Our interdisciplinary team examines how climate change, population size, conflict, resource depression, and changing social and ceremonial organization contribute to explaining these dramatic shifts. Our conclusions depend in part on comparing the output from a series of agent-based models with the precisely dated archaeological record from this area. People visiting or living inthe Southwest, archaeologists working in Neolithic societies anywhere in the world, and researchers applying modeling techniques to understanding how human societies shape and are shaped by the environments we inhabit will read this book with interest.
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Front Matter
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One
Emergence and Collapse of Early Villages in the Central Mesa Verde: An Introduction
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Two
The Study Area and the Ancestral Pueblo Occupation
Scott G. Ortman and others
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Three Low-Frequency Climate in the Mesa Verde Region: beef pasture revisited
Aaron M. Wright
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Four
Simulation Model Overview
Timothy A. Kohler
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Five
Modeling Paleohydrological System Structure and Function
Kenneth E. Kolm andSchaun M. Smith
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Six
Modeling Agricultural Productivity and Farming Effort
Timothy A. Kohler
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Seven
Modeling Plant and Animal Productivity and Fuel Use
C. David Johnson andTimothy A. Kohler
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Eight
Supply, Demand, Return Rates, and Resource Depression: Hunting in the Village Ecodynamics World
Jason A. Cowan and others
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Nine
How Hunting Changes the VEP World, and How the VEP World Changes Hunting
R. Kyle Bocinsky and others
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Ten
Exercising the Model: Assessing Changes in Settlement Location and Efficiency
Timothy A. Kohler and others
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Eleven
Simulating Household Exchange with Cultural Algorithms
Ziad Kobti
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Twelve
Tool-Stone Procurement in the Mesa Verde Core Region Through Time
Fumiyasu Arakawa
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Thirteen
Population Dynamics and Warfare in the Central Mesa Verde Region
Sarah M. Cole
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Fourteen
Characterizing Community-Center (Village) Formation in the VEP Study Area, a.d. 600–1280
Donna M. Glowacki andScott G. Ortman
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Fifteen
The Rise and Collapse of Villages in the Central Mesa Verde Region
Timothy A. Kohler
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End Matter
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