This chapter discusses efforts to get people to identify with the artistic achievements of France. It reveals that international politics was a possible reason for the improved receptivity to French music during the late nineteenth century. Next, it identifies the attitudes to music and its public utility—both within France and without—that not only characterized the Moral Order, but also became relevant to the republicans' notions of music. This chapter shows that the dynamics of nation building in France involved both articulation of a national identity in music and participation in a global culture.