Evidence
Evidence
How Basin Riparian Countries Cope with Water Scarcity and Variability
This chapter builds on the empirical results presented in Chapters 3 and 4 that consider the relationship between scarcity, variability and cooperation as well as treaty effectiveness. It also builds on Chapter 5, which examines various arrangements and principles (issue linkage, second-order resources strategies, supply-side solutions, demand-side solutions, income transfer—also regarded as ‘benefit transfer’ or ‘side-payments’—and inter-basin linkages) codified in treaties, by considering other arrangements not yet reviewed. Based on these arrangements and principles, the chapter assesses the effectiveness of a sampling of treaties from a handful of basins. The chapter also includes five case studies to infer the various ways riparian states negotiate treaties under conditions of scarcity and variability. The case studies demonstrate that there are a variety of arrangements developed to deal with water scarcity.
Keywords: Rio Grande and Colorado, Jordan, Aral Sea, Tagus/Tajos, Ganges, Infrastructure, Institutions, issue-linkage, second-order resource strategies, supply side solutions, demand side solutions, inter-basin linkages/transfers
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