Why does LGBTQ IPV Happen?
Why does LGBTQ IPV Happen?
This chapter examines theories of LGBTQ IPV perpetration and the degree to which they are supported by evidence. These theories are divided into several categories: perpetration theories that are shared between HC and LGBTQ IPV (including theories focused on socialization, power imbalances, dependency, self-justifications, and psychological traits), contested perpetration theories regarding gender (including evidence supporting competing views in the literature that gender is a relevant factor for neither HC nor LGBTQ IPV, only HC but not LGBTQ IPV, or both HC and LGBTQ IPV), and perpetration theories unique to LGBTQ IPV (including theories regarding experiencing discrimination, internalizing discriminatory attitudes, and degree of outness). Relatedly, this chapter also examines barriers to escape for victims (including not recognizing IPV, dependency, fear, and hurdles in reaching out for help). Finally, this chapter exposes barriers that are making it more difficult to see the big picture of why LGBTQ IPV happens (including fears of excusing abusers and blaming victims, challenges in distinguishing causes from outcomes, and doubts over whether there are one or multiple explanations of IPV). Ultimately, this chapter emphasizes the complexity of IPV and calls for more population-specific theorizing. The chapter concludes with implications for future policy, practice, and research.
Keywords: theories, causes, perpetration, barriers
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